The religious center of the Holy City of Makkah is the Haram Mosque (al Masjid al Haram) and the well of Zamzam.
The present Haram, meaning "sanctuary", dates from 1570 CE (978 AH), and takes the form of a central quadrangle surrounded by stone walls. Around the inner sanctuary is a marble pavement, the al-Mataf. The holiest shrine of Islam, the Kaaba, is situated at the heart of the Holy Mosque's central courtyard.

The Haram Mosque (al Masjid al Haram) has a long and glorious tradition of expansion, dating back to 638 CE (7 AH) when the ever increasing number of Muslims led the second caliph, Umar bin al-Khattab, to develop the site.

The Prophet's Mosque in Madinah contain the tomb of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and is therefore one of Islam's most sacred shrines.

Al-Madinah is still one of the most beloved places on earth - if not the most beloved in the heart of every Muslim, in response to this fine call.And Al-Madinah was the place to which Allah's Messenger emigrated and it gave him refuge, embraced his preaching and supported his religion, and its people defended him with their lives, their wealth and their sons until Allah made him victorious. So, Al-Madinah possesses virtues which are well known and an influence which none disputes in supporting this religion.

Mount Arafat which stands about 70 meters high, is a granite hill to the east of the Holy City of Makkah.

It was on Mount Arafat that Adam and Eve, separated for 200 years following their expulsion from the Garden of Eden, recognized each other and were reunited. Here too they were forgiven by Allah, the Merciful, for their transgression. And here, in present times, the pilgrim performing Hajj must spend an afternoon in a state of Ihram.
Mount Arafat is the mountain of prayer where pilgrims stay to pray for forgivness of sins. Once the day of prayer is over it is believed that their sins are forgiven.

Mina, which lies between the Holy City of Makkah and Muzdalifah, is now known as tent city.

Grouping of pilgrims from Mina to Makkah (second nafrah), which signals the completion of the Hajj rituals. This takes place during the twelfth or thirteenth days of Dhu'l-Hijjah, before sunset. The grouping of pilgrims with their belongings from Mina is performed in the buses of the transport companies that use standard name that are affiliated to the General Cars Syndicate in coordination with the Ministry of Pilgrimage and the Traffic Department, for drawing up the nafrah